Amazon AWS Cost Management features: A quick guide

Amazon AWS is the market leader for IaaS, with an ever increasing number of companies spending a seemingly ever increasing amount on Amazon’s public cloud services – the most recent being reports that Apple spends $30,000,000 a month. Amazon AWS cloud cost management is key to help ensure spend is manageable as projects continue to grow, in size and number.

Some tips to stop this happening in AWS!

Built-in Tools

Amazon’s AWS Cost Management tools include:
• AWS Cost & Usage Report
• AWS Cost Explorer
• Cost allocation tags
• Reserved Instance Reports
• AWS Budgets

These can all be accessed via the Billing Dashboard within the AWS portal.

Amazon AWS Cost Explorer

As the name suggests, this enables you to explore your costs – looking at a high level but also drilling down and filtering based on characteristics such as Service type, Region etc. It shows data from the previous 13 months, allows you to forecast spend for the next 3 months, and recommends Reserved Instance purchases to help reduce costs on existing workloads.

Reserved Instance Reporting

Reserved Instances (RI) are prepaid subscriptions which give a reduced “unit” cost for specified AWS resources. The RI Reporting within AWS Cost Explorer contains 2 prebuilt reports:

RI Utilisation

This shows how much of your purchased Reserved Instance portfolio is actually being utilised:

Taken from Amazon – https://aws.amazon.com/aws-cost-management/reserved-instance-reporting/

If it shows you have many Reserved Instances sitting unused, you can use this information to modify the Reserved Instance types to ones that match up with the resources being deployed.

RI Coverage

This allows you to see how much of your applicable overall Amazon AWS estate is covered with Reserved Instances. This can highlight new areas where moving to RIs could reduce costs.

Taken from Amazon here – https://aws.amazon.com/aws-cost-management/reserved-instance-reporting/

Amazon AWS Cost and Usage Report

This service lists your AWS usage for every service category used by an account and its users, and also includes any cost allocation tags that have been set up.

Cost Allocation Tags

Tags are identifying labels that can be assigned to resources within your Amazon AWS environment – virtual machines, storage, networking etc.

Taken from Amazon – https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awsaccountbilling/latest/aboutv2/cost-alloc-tags.html

In the screenshot above, you can see the “user:Stack” tag is being used to track whether resources are in the Test or Production environments, while “user: Application” shows the specific project for which the resources have been used. Done properly, these can help you track costs to a granular level enabling proper discussions about resource utilisation and – at on a wider business level – the profitability of these projects.

Amazon AWS Budgets

In the AWS Budgets Dashboard, you can view your budgets, see current progress, and also see a forecast total vs budget.

Taken from Amazon – https://aws.amazon.com/aws-cost-management/aws-budgets/

You can see in the above screenshot that multiple budgets can be created for specific elements – a certain project, resources in a certain region, specific resource types etc. – and, interestingly, budgets aren’t just monetary. The budget for S3 storage has “usage” as its metric and is tracked in GB used.

Getting started for ITAM

It’s likely your organisation is using public cloud Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) in some capacity, and it’s likely that it’s Amazon AWS. If you don’t already have access to these cost management tools, get it! Find whoever currently controls access to your AWS environment – it’s probable there will be several people with these rights – and get yourself added.
Equally, check with other stakeholders within the business if they already have access – perhaps finance or procurement are already utilising these reports to some degree?
At the very least, this will give you an idea of the job ahead of you when it comes to successfully managing your cloud costs.
If everything is neatly tagged and segmented, with appropriate budgets set up, and Reserved Instances being correctly utilised – you’ll be able to start formalising procedures and looking at the next level of maturity relatively soon. It also means there are people within your organisation with whom you can collaborate to further improve cloud cost management.
If, however, it’s a mess – with most resources untagged and no concept of spend tracking or optimisation, you know where you need to start. You’ll also know that cost management has been largely ignored up to now and will be able to select your next steps accordingly.

What’s next?

I’ll be doing a lot more content around cloud cost management (looking at Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform at least)throughout 2019 and beyond – articles, conference sessions, LISA courses and more. I’d love to hear your success stories and/or questions and concerns around managing cloud costs – not just in Amazon AWS but any and all public clouds.

Further Reading

Amazon AWS Cost Management blog – https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws-cost-management/hello-world-new-aws-cost-management-blog/
Amazon AWS Cost Management – https://aws.amazon.com/aws-cost-management/
Apple Amazon AWS spend – https://www.cnbc.com/amp/2019/04/22/apple-spends-more-than-30-million-on-amazon-web-services-a-month.html